History of Medicine Timeline

History of Medicine Timeline
The dates, people and medical history and advances
Blood transfusions, Bacteria, Blood cells and inoculations
The First vaccines
Sir Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin
The first cardiac pacemaker and transplants


		2600 BC	The Egyptian Imhotep describes the diagnosis and treatment of 200 diseases

		500 BC	Alcmaeon of Croton distinguished veins from arteries

		460 BC	Birth of Hippocrates, the Greek father of medicine begins the scientific study of medicine and prescribes a form of aspirin

		300 BC	Diocles wrote the first known anatomy book

		280 BC	Herophilus studies the nervous system

		130 AD	Birth of Galen. Greek physician to gladiators and Roman emperors

		c60AD	Pedanius Dioscorides writes De Materia Medica

		910	Persian physician Rhazes identifies smallpox

		1010	Avicenna writesThe Book of Healing and The Canon of Medicine

		1249	Roger Bacon invents spectacles

		1489	Leonardo da Vinci dissects corpses

		1543	Vesalius publishes findings on human anatomy in De Fabrica Corporis Humani

		1590	Zacharius Jannssen invents the microscope

		1628	William Harvey publishes An Anatomical Study of the Motion of the Heart and of the Blood in Animals which forms the basis for future research on blood vessels, arteries and the heart

		1656	Sir Christopher Wren experiments with canine blood transfusions

		1670	Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovers blood cells

		1683	Anton van Leeuwenhoek observes bacteria.

		1701	Giacomo Pylarini gives the first smallpox inoculations

		1747	James Lind publishes his Treatise of the Scurvy stating that citrus fruits prevent scurvy

		1763	Claudius Aymand performs the first successful appendectomy

		1796	Edward Jenner develops the process of vaccination for smallpox, the first vaccine for any disease

		1800	Sir Humphry Davy discovers the anesthetic properties of nitrous oxide

		1816	Rene Laennec invents the stethoscope

		1818	James Blundell performs the first successful transfusion of human blood

		1842	Crawford W. Long uses ether as a general anesthetic

		1844	Dr. Horace Wells uses nitrous oxide as an anesthetic

		1846	William Morton, a dentist, is the first to publish the process of using anesthetic properties of nitrous oxide

		1849	Elizabeth Blackwell is the first woman to gain a medical degree from Geneva Medical College in New York

		1847	Ignaz Semmelweis discovers how to the prevent the transmission of puerperal fever

		1853	Charles Gabriel Pravaz and Alexander Wood develop the syringe

		1857	Louis Pasteur identifies germs as cause of disease

		1867	Joseph Lister develops the use of antiseptic surgical methods and publishes Antiseptic Principle of the Practice of Surgery

		1870	Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur establish the germ theory of disease

		1879	First vaccine developed for cholera

		1881	First vaccine developed for anthrax by Louis Pasteur

		1882	First vaccine for developed for rabies by Louis Pasteur Koch discovers the TB bacillus

		1887	First contact lenses developed

		1890	Emil von Behring discovers antioxins and develops tetanus and diphtheria vaccines

		1895	Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovers X rays

		1896	First vaccine developed for typhoid fever

		1897	First vaccine developed for Bubonic plague

		1899	Felix Hoffman develops aspirin

		1901	Karl Landsteiner introduces the system to classify blood into A, B, AB, and O groups

		1913	Dr. Paul Dudley White pioneers the use of the electrocardiograph – ECG

		1921	Edward Mellanby discovers that lack of vitamin D in the diet causes rickets Earle Dickson Invented the Band-Aid

		1922	Insulin first used to treat diabetes.

		1923	First vaccine developed for diphtheria.

		1926	First vaccine developed for whooping cough

		1927	First vaccine developed for tuberculosis First vaccine developed for tetanus.

		1928	Sir Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin

		1935	First vaccine developed for yellow fever Percy Lavon Julian synthesized the medicines physostigmine for glaucoma and cortisone for rheumatoid arthritis

		1937	First vaccine developed for typhus Bernard Fantus pioneers the use the first blood bank in Chicago

		1942	Doctor Karl Theodore Dussik publishes the first paper on medical ultrasonics – ultrasound

		1943	Selman A. Waksman discovers the antibiotic streptomycin

		1945	First vaccine developed for influenza

		1950	John Hopps invented the first cardiac pacemaker

		1952	Paul Zoll develops the first cardiac pacemaker Jonas Salk develops the first polio vaccine Rosalind Franklin uses X-ray diffraction to study the structure of DNA

		1953	James Watson and Francis Crick work on the structure of the DNA molecule

		1954	Gertrude Elion patented a leukemia-fighting drug Dr. Joseph E. Murray performs the first kidney transplant

		1955	Jonas Salk develops the first polio vaccine

		1963	Thomas Fogarty invented the balloon embolectomy catheter

		1964	First vaccine developed for measles.

		1967	First vaccine developed for mumps Dr. Christiaan Barnard performs the first human heart transplant

		1970	First vaccine developed for rubella

		1974	First vaccine developed for chicken pox

		1975	Robert S. Ledley invents CAT-Scans

		1977	First vaccine developed for pneumonia.

		1978	First test-tube baby is born First vaccine developed for meningitis.

		1980	Smallpox is eradicated

		1981	First vaccine developed for hepatitis B

		1983	HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is identified

		1984	Alec Jeffreys devises a genetic fingerprinting method

		1985	Willem J. Kolff invented the artificial kidney dialysis machine

		1992	First vaccine developed for hepatitis A.

		1996	Dolly the sheep becomes the first clone

		2006	First vaccine to target a cause of cancer

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